FRUIT JUICE “Juice is the fluid product expressed from plant material by crushing, comminuting and pressing and addition of the additives.” Near water – No or Low Calories According to production method Press Line: Clarified type juice (apple, cherry, grape) Pulper Line: Nectar type juice (peach, apricot, plum) Citrus Line: Citrus juices (orange, lemon) Raw Material Quality Cleaning, sorting and inspection sand, stone, leaf unsuitable fruits (visible defects) washing and sizing Crushing/Pulping Mechanical process of destroying cell tissue Fruit pulp or macerate Rapid heating and cooling prior to juicing – inactivates natural enzymes – increase yield – reduce microbial load – rapid cooling prevent NEB Enzyme Treatment Macerating enzymes improve yield, clarity and stability of the juice. extraction of 95% of the soluble solids from the fruit addition blends of pectolytic enzymes and holding (powder&liquid) Polygalacturonase (PG), Pectin lyase (PL), Pectin methylesterase (PE), amylases, etc. Pressing Rack and cloth, Hydraulic, Continuous screw press Pressing aids provide drain channels for juice extraction (perlit, clean rice hull, cellulose fiber) Juice Clarification & Filtration to prevent cloudiness (apple, cherry) settling with settling agents and cooling (Bentonite, Kieselguhr, Gelatine) centrifugation or filtration Plate and frame filters Dearation & Concentration Removing air in juice by applying vacuum and saturation with inert gas (N2 or CO2) Vacuum concentration at low temperature Final Juice Quality Brix: defines juice strength Acidity & pH: defines acid balance and change according to type of product Ascorbic Acid content Formal Index: distinguish natural fruit juices HMF