CEREAL TECHNOLOGY – grain cleaning & milling
Assoc. Prof. Marie Hrušková, PhD
CEREAL TECHNOLOGY – flour processing
Main parts of flour processing:
• grain mass cleaning
• grain milling and sieving
• commercial flours mixing
• quality standardisation
CEREAL TECHNOLOGY – grain cleaning
Main objectives of grain cleaning:
• to separate the grain from organic and mineral impurities, feromagnetic components
• to remove parts of bran from grain endosperm
• to moisturing the grain mass for reduce adhesion between bran and endosperm
• to standardisation of grain moisture before milling
Wheat cleanners:
For organic impurities
For mineral impurities
Bran removing machine
Water content regulation
– basic procedure before milling
Moistening machine Automatic regulation of moisture level before and after moistening
CEREAL TECHNOLOGY – moistening before the milling
Moisture level recommended for different wheat
Wheat type Moisture %
Extremally hard (Manit., dur.) 16,5 – 17,5
Americ. Bakery hard (HRW) 15,5 – 16,5
American (Austral.) soft 15,5 – 16,0
Traditional Soft European 15,0 – 16,0
CEREAL TECHNOLOGY – milling
Two main objectives of wheat milling:
• to separate endosperm of the grain from bran and germ
• to reduce dimensions of endosperm particles for fine flour particles
Fine flour – particles passing through the sieve with the rectangular apertures 140 μm in side
Middle Europe – mainly Czech
Austria – also coarser flours
…